Telephone-repeater system.



No. 850,079.l

N.Y G. WARTH.

TELBPHQNE RBPEATBR SYSTEM.

APPLIOATION FILED 115.5.19071 Ew @gs PATENTED" APR. 9L1907.

unirsi) STATES PATENT y-orrioi3i' NA'riniNnin c.. WARTH, or COLUMBUS, omo. 1

TELEPHoNs-aEPsAi-En SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.:

` Patented prix 9, r191W.

innate?. flied rebnmy 5,1907. Serin No.' 355,300.

. wv l i To all irl/'1,0m t may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHANIEL G. WARTH,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented a c'ertai'n new and useyful Improvement in Telephone-Repeater Systems, of which the following is a specification.v

lhi'sinvention relates to improvements in telephone current-repeaters o r reciprocal relay-reinforcers and in systems for their operation of the general character illustrated in mv patent 'of the United States No. 845,282,

dated February 26, i907, and comprises in part the generic features of the invention covered by said patent and additional features in circuits and apparatus and combina-Y tions thereof for securing new and beneficial results. In my systemreferred to and iii the system of llerbert E. Shreeve, illustratedin Patents Nos. 791,655 and" 791,656,datedlunc 6, 1905,

and N o S35-,037, dated November 6, 1906, the transmission from the repeater is effected' bidirectionally at alltimes, the currents developed` at lthe repeater being divided and transmitted to the connected two circuits simultaneously. This condition results in the dissipation of the current set up in the section of circuit then transmitting, and which current it directed into the section of circuit then receiving will increase the volume of current transmitted to the receiving-telephone and will also be beneficial to the repeater service by avoiding conditions of current interference and distortion in the trans-- missions through the circuits connected.

The object otmy invention is toprovide means to accomplish these benei'icial features, and, further, to secure complete singleness of action in the repeater apparatus, and consequent iidelity to the initial currents, by avoiding backward or reacting 'transmission and consequent-confusion of effects in the repeater apparatus when two or more re- 'eaters are included in a circuit, thus )reviding a pure quality and augmented voi telephonie long-distance through-transmission.

The invention consists, essential-ly', in the association of two repeater instrumentalities, forming a double or twin repeater apparatus, and' with auxiliary apparatus and local circuits connectingthem for operation in combination -with the line-circuits, whereby the ume of.

R2 for through initial currents are received and relayed 'u'niy directionally i i The present system of repeater apparatus, local, circuits, re eating induction-coil, and the association o them with thev line-circuits 6c' comprises features from eacliof my systems' referred to combined with the additional repeater and connections and modication of local circuits and coil-windings to secure the' improved results. The twin repeaters are maintained in constantly-balancedlocal circuits to prevent the local self-action termed howling or singingf which in other` systems because of unstable balancing or absence of balance is frequently developed, Iin'- terfering with their service. I

Where the exigenciesof 'service require or cause two or more repeaters of the bidirectional type to be included'in tandem in a circuit they react upon each other and reproduce a sort of composite of the new impulses pulses Vfrom the next repeater, resulting in a confused or blended transmission of the telephonie waves, which at time's is lwholly inarticulate or unintelligible.

which not only avoids this detrimental con/ dition for transmission to extreme distances, but provides for the operation of several cir.-

`from the sending-station and the return im- My arrangement .of apparatus and circuits resultsin a system cuits together by repeaters and securesvthe tions associated with va twin telephone-repeater. Fig. 2 representsv a. like ltwin re- Figure 1 illustrates a compound circuit composed of two circu1t-sec--I Ibo peater-circuit adapted Ato the conditions'of a l special lform of composite repeating induction-coil. y

In Fig. 1 the two telephonie circuits or circuit-sections L L2 are composed of line conductors `W W'Z on .one side and line condire.

sociated with a twin repeater spparatusg tors W-SVW on the other. sideof the circuitas-A tween terminal tele honesS and S2. The i circuit-sections ere rivided at the intermediate or re eater station or stations by the bridge conductor H, providing en individib Li-lined condition for each circuit-section` The twin repeaters R R2 each comprise a receiving electromagnetic clement T sind T2,

respectively, and a. transmitting variable re-` sistcnce element M and Mrespectively, the said elements respectively being mechanically associated in repeater relation and the.

twin repeaters .R R2 being electrically associated in double twin or divided local circuits B2 B3 and B22 B33, res ectively. Erich oi seid local circuits is dividbd by a bridge which is utilized to divide the circuit in its association with its receiver to balance said receiver` locall avainsto eration by the local re eetinvv Y e P P ,e

transmitter-currents. The bridge conductor P is connected to the middle terminal of receiver T, whichY is connected by its outer terminals to bridging conductors Bc lfind B03, said bridges being connected 'at their outer terminals to the middle terminals of the locel WindingsPc and Pc3, respectively. Bridge conductor P is common to the bridges Bc sind Boland contains the transmitter element MZ of'repeater R2 and battery B and terminates V:it junction Y with the common conductor -rnitter element M of repeater R and battery B and terminates at iunction Y2 wit-h the comnionconductor CWZ, leading to the local windings Paz and P04. The port-ion Pl of these bridges between junctions Y and Y,

, together with .the battery B, are common to both divided local circuits. The circuits and eA peret'us above enumerated comprise ell t, e essentials for il, complete telephonie systeni for long-distance communicationrequiring repeater service from one or several successive repeaters. In this view, Fig. l, the repeating iinluctioii-coil secondarywindings .ere disposed follows: 'Vvlindings C and C are in the li circuit, one being connected in each conductor and producing e cooperativo ilow, und windings C and C" are in the L2"cir cuit, cnc being connectedin/,each conductor and producing a cooperative flow. The ltwo primary windings associated witheach isccondary'have their two put-side teriniinils Jeonnected to-their resi]ic'ctivecommon conductors CVV' and CW2 and lieve their two inside terminals connected .to their respective bridge conductors Bc, Bc, Bc, and Bc, so that though split to conform to the bridge endors and balancing requirements the iloxx of eurrent therein is alive vs cooperative The vflow of the several currents is conventionally indicated as follows: the initial currents in the 11min circuit and tbc induced repen-lingerie rents therefrom by long solid arrows, primary or battery currents by short solid arrows, and the reproduced or renee-ted currents by dotted arrows. An initial transforming lineciirrent being set up at the terminal telephone S2 in circuit-section lf would at the repeater-station traverse the repeating induction-coil secondary windings C2 C4 and the low-resistance bridge connection H and would induce a like-current (also indicated, as stated, by long solid iii-rows) in the s lit local windings relatively associated. he vllow from windings Pc@ traverses the common ,conductor CWZ to junction Y2, and the ilow from windings Pc traversesthe same coininon conductor to the saine junction and there unites with the other current and flows through conductor FP2, battery B, thence through trensiritter M rind conductor P2 tov l the middle terni-incl oi receiver T2, Where it divides, onel division energizing receiver T2 by traversing.: one of its windings and the other division nessing through the sliuntingcondenser l, Erich division thence returns to its respective Winding through the bridge conductors .i302 and B04, respectively. As the ilow of current `through the other 'winding of receiver T2 wcnldfbe differential end neutralizing in effect, this being an alternating current, it will select the shunting-condenser l2 lor its path and leere the reccivenwindipg on that unenergized. The energization of receiver T2 cri-.uses the actuation of its repenting-transmitter M2, which latter varies correspondingly the resistances of the twin primary 'circuits B2 and B3, said circuits being associated with circuit-section L as follows: The `variation of resistance stated proiduces e ,current impulse from bettery'B,y ilowingr` from its positive pole to tliegunction Y, where, dividing, one division traverses the common conductor CW end the iirallcl windings Pc3 to their middle termina s, from whence it traverses along bridge Bp to sind through oner winding of receiver T, while the other division traverses common conductor CW and the parallel windings. Pc to their i-niddle terminals and thence along bridge Bc to and through the other winding of receiver T, where they again` unite. The divided currents flow?i diilierentially-iii the two receiver-windings and produces neutral elect therein. Freni. the middle terminal of the receiver T the current flows through the roninioii bridge conductor P and 4transmitter M2 to junction Y, thence through the ronnnon bridging conductor FP2 to the negar tive pole of the battery, completing the'eirv, cuit. The pulsation in windings Pc and Pci Vinduces n facsimile current pulsation, though of increased potential, by means of the 'highchange in the direction of transmission or use of the line and also that with additional repeaters in a through-circuit the conditions, effects, and results would be duplicated at each repeater, but of course with a natural loss of acuteness or quality in the transmission.

The differential flow of tlge battery-cnn rents in the windings of both the receivers, which being located in the local circuits, and thus not subject to any disturbance of their maintained balances by unbalanced maincircuit conditions, is the means. for avoiding` the local selffaction or howling` effect at all times. The separation or division-,of the main circuit sections by the lower resistance bridge and the location of the repeater secondary windings therein to operate each individuallT is the ireansfor avoiding the usual reactive ecbolike effects other than thereaction due to backward repeated transmission from a second repeater, to which latter condition the present invention is ne ore particularly directed.

In vFig. 2 is illustrated, as before stated, the adaptation ol my twin unidirectional repeater system to the conditions of a special form of composite repeating induction-coil.

In said view the secondary windings C, C2, C3, and C? may be diilerentially connected throughout to secure the advantages of a neutral core effect for composite throughtransmission on each side of the circuit for telegraphic service between telegraphic in i. strum'ents Kand K2 and between similar instruments K and K4. This condition is also advantageous to prevent unusual operation ofthe repeaters from slow-acting ringingcurrents, which usually liow in the telephonie circuit proper. The sectional separation of the secondary windings to create separate fields for the telephonie effects for each -circuit-section is an advantage in the use of a coil having a single core, as it avoids the `effects of direct induction between any two it will be lmagnet, as is usual with an ordinary receiv.

ing magneto-telephone.

The present system may` be operated in connection with various superposed circuits and their'currents and` also with flexible cord-circuit and other necessary auxiliary arrangements.`

Modifications of this invention asA illus" trated herein may be made without departing from the intent and scope thereof.

VVhat'I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a telephone-repeater system, the combination with a compound telephonecircuit and its telephones, of a twin telephonerepeater having twin local circuits, means connecting theA twin repeater with the com-` pound telephone-circuit inductively and to olpe'rate unidirectionally and reciprocally, t e secondary `windings of said inductive connection being included in the sa'id com-- pound circuit in separated divisions thereof, the primary windinfs of said inductive conneotion being included inthe local twin circuits with said twin repeater, each twin local circuit with its respective receiver element of said twin repeater being mutually inductively associated with the secondary windings'in.

one of the compound-circuit sections, and the receiver being active to the inward currents from such inductive association, twin local-battery and transmitter circuits ernbraced in said local twin circuits, and asso.-

ciated with the transmitter elements, so th t each will operate the opposite or twin primary windings and produce a neutral state in their associated. receiver elements, whereby,

with associated means, the inward currents'Y frm one section of the compound circuit will operate its individually-associated re ceiver element, which, by actuating its mechanicallyassociated. transmitter element,

varies the battery-current associated there# with and sets up a cooperative flow in the oppositetwm primary windings and a differential .flow in their receiver-windmgs, and

rio

induces the reproduced facsimile currents into the associated compound-circuit section and prevents local self-action of the receiver.

2. In a telephone-repeater system, thecombination with a compound telephone;

circuit and its telephones, ofl a twin tele.- phone-repeater, means for connecting the saine therewith inductively, balanced local' circuits for said twin repeater and in 'circuit with said repeater, whereby the 'receivin y elements of said4 twir. repeater are rendere v active to inward-induced telephonie impulses, but inactive to the renewed outward telephonie impulses from the transmitting velements of said twin repeater, for the p`ur- .pose of providing retransmission of renewedpower without in-terferingelfects from local actienin the twin-repeater apparatus.

3'. In a telephone-repeater system, the

' transmitting elements and associated local battery, the induction-coil windings oper- .ating with the line for the repeaters inductively and maintaining the aforesaid balance in the receiver elements. Y

4; The combination in a telephone-repeater system of a twin-repeater apparatus, comprising two units, each having a receiver element and a transmitter element united in re eater relation, a main-line circuit having te ephones in circuit, induction-coil windings in said line-circuit for the repeater, and associated induction-coil windings having in circuit therewith both the receiving and transmitting elements of the repeaters which are operated inductively with said main-line circuit. x

5. In a telephone-repeater system including a repeater-station, the combination of a twin-repeater apparatus comprising two units, each having a receiver element and a transmitter element united in repeater relation, a Amain-line circuit divided at the repeater-station and containing suitable telephones, induction-coil windings in eachlinesection that operate for both the inward and the outward currents for the repeaters, and associated'induction-coil windings having in circuit therewith both elements of the repeaters which are operated inductively with vsaid line-sections.

6. In a telephone -repeater system, the

comprising tw`o units, eachaving a receiver element associated with a transmitting element and unite'd in repeater rel'aticn, divided local clrouits for such elements, the division beingsuch that currents energizing either receiver element will not aiiect the associated receiver element, means for operatin'l each receiver element inductively and 'in ividually with a line-section so that the inward currents in either line-section will energize its respective repeaterand the/,resulting repeating-currents set up will be .inductively transmitted tol the associated line-section.

7. The combination in a telephone-rep eater system, of a telephonie 'main-line circui-t having sending and receiving stations, arid a repeater-station at an. intermediate point, a unidirectional-re eater-apparatus at said repeater-station, an a repeating induction-coil inductively associating said main circuit and the said unidirectional-repeater apparatus'ior mutual operation.

8. In a reciprocal unidirectional repeater system, the combination of a main-line circuit with transmitting and receiving telephones, a unidirectional repeaterat an intermediate point, and means inductively associating said main circuit. and said unidirectional-repeater apparatus to prevent self-action in same.

9. In a telephone-repeater system, the combination ot a main telephone-circuit divided into rcircuit-sections, twin repeaters and local circuits, substantially as described, associated inductively with the said maincircuit sections, and means' controlled by said twin Irepeaters for reciprocally relaying vthe telephonie transmission, said relayed transmission being in one direction from each transmitter.

10. The combination in a twin-telephonerepeatcr system, oi twin receivers and transmitters associated in repeater relation, a re,- peating induction-coil having plural windings both secondary and primary, a transmitting-line having a section on cach side of a repeater-station, and means 'for balancing and operating the twin receivers of said twin repeaters and connecting them in circuit with the primary windings oi said coil whereby they are rendered insensitive to the. local currents, but are sensitive to the inducingcurrents from their respectively associated line-circuits and corresponding secondary windin s.

11. n a telephone-repeatcr system, the combination of main and local circuits, each of which is divided to prevent the initial telephonic currents in said main circuit from being transmitted directly beyond or across the IOO repeater', a twin-repeater apparatus comprising twin receivers and transmitters, substantially as spcciiied, associated in repeater re lation, and a repeating induction-coil, 'the secondary windings of which are in the main circuit and the local windings of which are in circuit with thc said repeater apparatus.

12. In a reciprocal unidirectional reinforcing telephone-repeater system, the combination'of a compound through telephonecircuit comprising a plurality ot .main-line sections extending betwecn telephone-stations at a distance, .a plurality of repeater-stations dividing said main line, twin-unidirectionalrepeater apparatus, substantially as described, at each repeater-station, repeating induction-coils at the repeater-stations, individual secondary windings or" same in each main-line section at each repeater-station, with 'primary windings of said repeatingcoils associated with 4the twin repeaters, a local circuit containing a balanced `repeater -g'oc eiverv for the primary windings associated inductivelywith each line-section, a bridge for IIO cccli of said local circuits, having in circuit therewith the repeatcr-trii-nsniitter of its iis-v societed twin receivfjr, :ind :i source of current-supply, whereby the currents set. up by either transmitter are ce used to inducc like currents into the adjoining main-line circuit.

13. ln it teleplione-repester s yfsteiii, thc combination of si twin-repeater apparatus including twin receivers and transmitters, sui-.- staintiiilly :is described, 11min telephonie circuit, ai bridge dividing scid circuit, it reperiting` induction-coil having its secondary in said circuitvv'indings oi seid seciindiiry being included in seid circuit on each side ot scid bridge, loczil circuits containing balancingbriilgcs 'for thc twin receivers and transmittcrs ci seid twin-repeater apparatus, saidv local circuits being` balanced on each side ci their rcspec tive bridges, and each containingr primary windings of scid coil associated with respective secondary windings thereof, each of seid local balancing-bridges containing s rope:itcntrensniitter rind-e battery, and each oi` said transmitters being actuated by the receiver lin its twin opposite local circuit, each. receiver hrw/ing one winding sbunted. by it condenser, the sii-id vbalancing ineens tog'ctlier with the said condensers causing the receivers to remain insensitive to tlieir oper- Y fitting trans]nittercnrrents, but sensitive and operative to the induced currents freni their respective mitin-linesections.

'14. The combination in s telephone-repeeter'systein, of :i transmission-line" extending between trarnsccitting,r and receiving tele-- phones thereon sind twin-repeater' apparatus associated 'with said trsnsrnissionne for uni directionclly repeating tile transmitted telc s come if phonic currents from one terminal .telephone to the other, said twin-repeater' apparstiis comprising two electromagnetic receivers, each having associated in repeater relation with it a variable-resistance trensinitter and local battery, repeating induction-coil priniii-ry and secondary windings interposedbe-y influence troni the currents oi? one section of said compound circuit, eecli of the twin trans niitters being in circuit With itsppposed twin receiver and the primary windings in circuit therewith, and also being in circuit with seid. local battery, ineens tor rendering escli transniittersensitive or active by its ovni receiver and tor setting up currents in its scid opposed receiver and associated. primary windings, 'whereby the opposed receiver is rendered inert and the repeated currents are rendered indnctively active tor transmission to the associated or receiving section of line, and whereby the reciprocal otsucli effects is se'- cnred with eocii change in tlie directiono transmission. l

y NATHANELG;VAR'H.-^ Witnesses:

BEM. FINCKEL, Amon, B. Coon. 

